Protocols/BGP_OSPF_MPLS_VPN
[MPLS] OSPF Super Backbone Area (1)
양된백성
2021. 6. 23. 13:25
<목적>
1. OSPF의 VRF는 어떻게 사용하는가
2. SuperBackbone Area의 존재, 어떻게 작동하는지 확인
<BASE>
Service Provider - EIGRP > LDP > MP-BGP(vpnv4), OSPF area 0 with CE
Company1 - OSPF area 0
<OSPF with VRF>
EIGRP와 RIP, BGP는 각 고객별 VRF를 각 해당 라우팅 프로세스 안에서 사용한다.
router bgp 1
address-family ipv4 vrf company1 // bgp 1 프로세스 안에서 구별되는 고객별 VRF.
redistribute ospf 1 match internal external 1 external 2
exit-address-family
하지만 OSPF는 하나의 Processor가 하나의 고객별 VRF를 가진다.
router ospf 1 vrf company1 // 각 고객이 개별로 OSPF process를 가진다.
router-id 1.1.1.1
redistribute bgp 1 subnets
network 1.1.14.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
<OSPF Area Types>
- Backbone area (area 0)
- Standard area
- Stub area
- Totally stubby area
- Not-so-stubby area (NSSA)
모든 Area는 Backbone Area에 연결되어 있어야 한다. ‘일반적으로’ 다른 에어리어를 거쳐 연동되면 LSA를 받지 못한다.
나는 여기에 하나 더 Super Backbone Area를 이야기 하려고 한다.
<OSPF Super Backbone Area>
하지만, R1에서 OSPF DB를 확인하면, MPLS VPN으로 광고를 받은 1.1.5.5, 1.1.6.6, 1.1.25.0, 1.1.36.0 경로가 Summary Net Link States에 속해있다. 이말은, LSA type3으로 해당 경로를 받았다는 것을 의미한다.
그럼 LSA3이 뭔가?
LSA Type 3는 ABR이 만들며, 다른 AREA에 소속된 네트워크를 현재의 Area에 소속된 라우터들에게 알리기 위하여 사용된다. 다른 Area에 소속된 네트워크라고 알렸다고? 같은 Area 0인데?
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R1#show ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 1397 0x80000006 0x00D222 1
1.1.4.4 1.1.4.4 1398 0x80000008 0x00BA0F 2
Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
1.1.14.4 1.1.4.4 1398 0x80000001 0x000C02
Summary Net Link States (Area 0) // 같은 Area 0 인데 Type2가 아니다!
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
1.1.5.5 1.1.1.1 1244 0x80000001 0x00CFD1
1.1.6.6 1.1.1.1 1169 0x80000001 0x00BAE4
1.1.25.0 1.1.1.1 41 0x80000004 0x00BADE
1.1.36.0 1.1.1.1 41 0x80000004 0x00414D
Type-5 AS External Link States
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag
4.4.4.4 1.1.4.4 86 0x80000004 0x00E39F 0
R1#
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- 같은 Area 0인데, 왜 LSA type1,2가 아니라, LSA type3(summary net)인가?
이유는 MPLS VPN은 OSPF에 대해서 추가적인 Super Backbone Area로 동작하기 때문이다.
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R1#show ip ospf
Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 1.1.1.1
Domain ID type 0x0005, value 0.0.0.1
Start time: 00:00:06.825, Time elapsed: 01:53:14.727
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Supports area transit capability
Supports NSSA (compatible with RFC 3101)
Supports Database Exchange Summary List Optimization (RFC 5243)
Connected to MPLS VPN Superbackbone, VRF company1 // MPLS VPN SUPER BACKBONE AREA
Event-log disabled
It is an area border and autonomous system boundary router // ABR (Area Border Router)
Redistributing External Routes from,
bgp 1, includes subnets in redistribution
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Incremental-SPF disabled
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Number of external LSA 1. Checksum Sum 0x00E39F
Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Number of areas transit capable is 0
External flood list length 0
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Area BACKBONE(0)
Number of interfaces in this area is 1
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm last executed 00:33:43.332 ago
SPF algorithm executed 7 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 7. Checksum Sum 0x041916
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0
R1#
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<결론>
R1, R2, R3는 MP-BGP를 사용하여 Company1의 CE 라우터와 MPLS VPN로 연동하였다.
CE 라우터들과는 OSPF로 연동하였고 Area는 0으로 같이 맞추었다.
모든 라우터가 Area 0에 속해 있는 상황이나, R1, R2, R3가 MPLS VPN Superbackbone으로 다른 Area로 간주되면서, R4는 R5와 R6의 경로에 대해서 외부 Area에서 받은 것으로 간주된다.
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R1#show run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 2611 bytes
!
! Last configuration change at 06:04:17 EET Wed Jun 23 2021
!
version 15.5
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R1
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
enable secret 5 $1$S/Tu$H3FW9hMmhPA0XRwpU2kjW1
!
no aaa new-model
!
!
!
bsd-client server url https://cloudsso.cisco.com/as/token.oauth2
clock timezone EET 2 0
mmi polling-interval 60
no mmi auto-configure
no mmi pvc
mmi snmp-timeout 180
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
ip vrf company1
rd 1:100
route-target export 1:100
route-target import 1:100
!
!
!
!
no ip domain lookup
ip cef
no ipv6 cef
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
cts logging verbose
!
!
!
redundancy
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
!
interface Ethernet0/0
no ip address
!
interface Ethernet0/0.12
encapsulation dot1Q 12
ip address 1.1.12.1 255.255.255.0
mpls label protocol ldp
mpls ip
!
interface Ethernet0/0.14
encapsulation dot1Q 14
ip vrf forwarding company1
ip address 1.1.14.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0/0.17
encapsulation dot1Q 17
ip address 1.1.17.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet0/2
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet0/3
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/2
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/3
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Serial2/0
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/1
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
!
router eigrp 1
network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
network 1.1.12.1 0.0.0.0
!
router ospf 1 vrf company1
router-id 1.1.1.1
redistribute bgp 1 subnets
network 1.1.14.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
!
router bgp 1
bgp router-id 1.1.1.1
bgp log-neighbor-changes
neighbor 1.1.2.2 remote-as 1
neighbor 1.1.2.2 update-source Loopback0
!
address-family vpnv4
neighbor 1.1.2.2 activate
neighbor 1.1.2.2 send-community extended
exit-address-family
!
address-family ipv4 vrf company1
redistribute ospf 1 match internal external 1 external 2
exit-address-family
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
!
!
mpls ldp router-id Loopback0
!
control-plane
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
logging synchronous
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
password cisco
login
transport input none
!
!
end
R1#
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cs |
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R2#show run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 2980 bytes
!
! Last configuration change at 05:08:31 EET Wed Jun 23 2021
!
version 15.5
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R2
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
enable secret 5 $1$6vQn$mKSEEjCt7m/WM5tb.PpUE1
!
no aaa new-model
!
!
!
bsd-client server url https://cloudsso.cisco.com/as/token.oauth2
clock timezone EET 2 0
mmi polling-interval 60
no mmi auto-configure
no mmi pvc
mmi snmp-timeout 180
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
ip vrf company1
rd 1:100
route-target export 1:100
route-target import 1:100
!
!
!
!
no ip domain lookup
ip cef
no ipv6 cef
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
cts logging verbose
!
!
!
redundancy
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.2.2 255.255.255.255
!
interface Ethernet0/0
no ip address
!
interface Ethernet0/0.12
encapsulation dot1Q 12
ip address 1.1.12.2 255.255.255.0
mpls label protocol ldp
mpls ip
!
interface Ethernet0/0.23
encapsulation dot1Q 23
ip address 1.1.23.2 255.255.255.0
mpls label protocol ldp
mpls ip
!
interface Ethernet0/0.25
encapsulation dot1Q 25
ip vrf forwarding company1
ip address 1.1.25.2 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet0/2
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet0/3
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/2
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/3
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Serial2/0
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/1
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
!
router eigrp 1
network 1.1.2.2 0.0.0.0
network 1.1.12.2 0.0.0.0
network 1.1.23.2 0.0.0.0
!
router ospf 1 vrf company1
router-id 1.1.2.2
redistribute bgp 1 subnets
network 1.1.25.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
!
router bgp 1
bgp router-id 1.1.2.2
bgp log-neighbor-changes
neighbor 1.1.1.1 remote-as 1
neighbor 1.1.1.1 update-source Loopback0
neighbor 1.1.1.1 route-reflector-client
neighbor 1.1.3.3 remote-as 1
neighbor 1.1.3.3 update-source Loopback0
neighbor 1.1.3.3 route-reflector-client
!
address-family vpnv4
neighbor 1.1.1.1 activate
neighbor 1.1.1.1 send-community extended
neighbor 1.1.1.1 route-reflector-client
neighbor 1.1.3.3 activate
neighbor 1.1.3.3 send-community extended
neighbor 1.1.3.3 route-reflector-client
exit-address-family
!
address-family ipv4 vrf company1
redistribute ospf 1 match internal external 1 external 2
exit-address-family
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
!
!
mpls ldp router-id Loopback0
!
control-plane
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
logging synchronous
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
password cisco
login
transport input none
!
!
end
R2#
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cs |
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R3#show run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 2611 bytes
!
! Last configuration change at 05:09:52 EET Wed Jun 23 2021
!
version 15.5
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R3
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
enable secret 5 $1$yGWa$N3cE5cZw.K1pSDj6HIWQS1
!
no aaa new-model
!
!
!
bsd-client server url https://cloudsso.cisco.com/as/token.oauth2
clock timezone EET 2 0
mmi polling-interval 60
no mmi auto-configure
no mmi pvc
mmi snmp-timeout 180
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
ip vrf company1
rd 1:100
route-target export 1:100
route-target import 1:100
!
!
!
!
no ip domain lookup
ip cef
no ipv6 cef
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
cts logging verbose
!
!
!
redundancy
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.3.3 255.255.255.255
!
interface Ethernet0/0
no ip address
!
interface Ethernet0/0.23
encapsulation dot1Q 23
ip address 1.1.23.3 255.255.255.0
mpls label protocol ldp
mpls ip
!
interface Ethernet0/0.36
encapsulation dot1Q 36
ip vrf forwarding company1
ip address 1.1.36.3 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0/0.38
encapsulation dot1Q 38
ip address 1.1.38.3 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet0/2
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet0/3
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/2
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/3
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Serial2/0
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/1
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
!
router eigrp 1
network 1.1.3.3 0.0.0.0
network 1.1.23.3 0.0.0.0
!
router ospf 1 vrf company1
router-id 1.1.3.3
redistribute bgp 1 subnets
network 1.1.36.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
!
router bgp 1
bgp router-id 1.1.3.3
bgp log-neighbor-changes
neighbor 1.1.2.2 remote-as 1
neighbor 1.1.2.2 update-source Loopback0
!
address-family vpnv4
neighbor 1.1.2.2 activate
neighbor 1.1.2.2 send-community extended
exit-address-family
!
address-family ipv4 vrf company1
redistribute ospf 1 match internal external 1 external 2
exit-address-family
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
!
!
mpls ldp router-id Loopback0
!
control-plane
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
logging synchronous
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
password cisco
login
transport input none
!
!
end
R3#
|
cs |
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R4#show run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 1907 bytes
!
! Last configuration change at 05:06:33 EET Wed Jun 23 2021
!
version 15.5
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R4
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
enable secret 5 $1$hkoP$09LiVfpkOf3I3whsiGtrl/
!
no aaa new-model
!
!
!
bsd-client server url https://cloudsso.cisco.com/as/token.oauth2
clock timezone EET 2 0
mmi polling-interval 60
no mmi auto-configure
no mmi pvc
mmi snmp-timeout 180
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
no ip domain lookup
ip cef
no ipv6 cef
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
cts logging verbose
!
!
!
redundancy
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.4.4 255.255.255.255
!
interface Loopback4
ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
!
interface Ethernet0/0
no ip address
!
interface Ethernet0/0.14
encapsulation dot1Q 14
ip address 1.1.14.4 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet0/2
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet0/3
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/2
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/3
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Serial2/0
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/1
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
router ospf 1
router-id 1.1.4.4
redistribute connected subnets
network 1.1.4.4 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 1.1.14.4 0.0.0.0 area 0
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
logging synchronous
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
password cisco
login
transport input none
!
!
end
R4#
|
cs |
|
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R5#show run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 1817 bytes
!
! Last configuration change at 05:09:08 EET Wed Jun 23 2021
!
version 15.5
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R5
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
enable secret 5 $1$KDg7$U1TApHAO57fTKQTanU2WA/
!
no aaa new-model
!
!
!
bsd-client server url https://cloudsso.cisco.com/as/token.oauth2
clock timezone EET 2 0
mmi polling-interval 60
no mmi auto-configure
no mmi pvc
mmi snmp-timeout 180
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
no ip domain lookup
ip cef
no ipv6 cef
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
cts logging verbose
!
!
!
redundancy
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.5.5 255.255.255.255
!
interface Ethernet0/0
no ip address
!
interface Ethernet0/0.25
encapsulation dot1Q 25
ip address 1.1.25.5 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet0/2
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet0/3
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/2
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/3
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Serial2/0
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/1
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
router ospf 1
router-id 1.1.5.5
network 1.1.5.5 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 1.1.25.5 0.0.0.0 area 0
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
logging synchronous
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
password cisco
login
transport input none
!
!
end
R5#
|
cs |
|
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|
R6#show run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 1817 bytes
!
! Last configuration change at 05:10:22 EET Wed Jun 23 2021
!
version 15.5
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R6
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
enable secret 5 $1$kPrq$mZvHv88sU7TEOQdjpQVgj0
!
no aaa new-model
!
!
!
bsd-client server url https://cloudsso.cisco.com/as/token.oauth2
clock timezone EET 2 0
mmi polling-interval 60
no mmi auto-configure
no mmi pvc
mmi snmp-timeout 180
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
no ip domain lookup
ip cef
no ipv6 cef
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
cts logging verbose
!
!
!
redundancy
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.6.6 255.255.255.255
!
interface Ethernet0/0
no ip address
!
interface Ethernet0/0.36
encapsulation dot1Q 36
ip address 1.1.36.6 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet0/2
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet0/3
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/2
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Ethernet1/3
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Serial2/0
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/1
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
router ospf 1
router-id 1.1.6.6
network 1.1.6.6 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 1.1.36.6 0.0.0.0 area 0
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
logging synchronous
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
password cisco
login
transport input none
!
!
end
R6#
|
cs |