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OSPF metric/costProtocols/BGP_OSPF_MPLS_VPN 2021. 2. 16. 23:20
<OSPF cost calculation>
Why 31 cost for R5 on R1?
R1#show ip route ospf
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 11 subnets, 2 masks
O IA 1.1.2.0/24 [110/11] via 1.1.123.2, 00:07:23, Ethernet0/0.123
O IA 1.1.3.0/24 [110/11] via 1.1.123.3, 00:07:00, Ethernet0/0.123
O IA 1.1.4.0/24 [110/21] via 1.1.123.2, 00:06:32, Ethernet0/0.123
O IA 1.1.5.0/24 [110/31] via 1.1.123.2, 00:06:08, Ethernet0/0.123
O IA 1.1.24.0/24 [110/20] via 1.1.123.2, 06:21:22, Ethernet0/0.123
O IA 1.1.34.0/24 [110/74] via 1.1.123.3, 06:06:00, Ethernet0/0.123
O IA 1.1.45.0/24 [110/30] via 1.1.123.2, 06:21:22, Ethernet0/0.123Cost = reference bandwidth(10*8) / interface bandwidth(x)
Ethernet is 10 cost because (10*8) / (10*7) = 10
FastEthernet is 1 cost because (10*8) / (10*8) = 1
R1#show int e 0/0.123
Ethernet0/0.123 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is AmdP2, address is aabb.cc00.1000 (bia aabb.cc00.1000)
Internet address is 1.1.123.1/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 10,000 Kbit/sec, DLY 1000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation 802.1Q Virtual LAN, Vlan ID 123.
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
Keepalive set (10 sec)
Last clearing of "show interface" counters neverR2>show int e 0/0.24
Ethernet0/0.24 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is AmdP2, address is aabb.cc00.2000 (bia aabb.cc00.2000)
Internet address is 1.1.24.2/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 10000 Kbit/sec, DLY 1000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation 802.1Q Virtual LAN, Vlan ID 24.
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
Keepalive set (10 sec)
Last clearing of "show interface" counters neverR4>show int e 0/0.45
Ethernet0/0.45 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is AmdP2, address is aabb.cc00.4000 (bia aabb.cc00.4000)
Internet address is 1.1.45.4/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 10000 Kbit/sec, DLY 1000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation 802.1Q Virtual LAN, Vlan ID 45.
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
Keepalive set (10 sec)
Last clearing of "show interface" counters neverR5>show int lo 0
Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is Loopback
Internet address is 1.1.5.5/24
MTU 1514 bytes, BW 8,000,000 Kbit/sec, DLY 5000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation LOOPBACK, loopback not setThe interface BW between R1 and R2 is 10*7. so the cost is 10.
The interface BW between R2 and R4 is 10*7. so the cost is 10.
The interface BW between R4 and R5 is 10*7. so the cost is 10.
The loopback 0 BW is 8G. 100,000,000(10*8) / 8,000,000,000 = 0.0125. This number below one(1) is considered as 1.
As the result, 10 + 10 + 10 + 1 = 31
So why 31 costs for R5 on R1?
the cost is the sum of costs of all interfaces for a destination.
10 + 10 + 10 + 1 = 31
<OSPF cost calculation>
FastEthernet, GigaEthernet, 10GEthernet, and loopback interface are all just 1 because the cost number below 1 is considered as 1. If you use interfaces faster than FE such as GE, 10G, 100G, all costs will be 1. it will not be efficient. In this case, you need to modify the reference BW value.
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth ?
<1-4294967> The reference bandwidth in terms of Mbits per second
R1(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000000'Protocols > BGP_OSPF_MPLS_VPN' 카테고리의 다른 글
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